What defines eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a nucleus, which houses their genetic material. This distinction is fundamental since it differentiates eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, which do not have a defined nucleus. In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, allowing for a more organized and regulated process of transcription and replication of DNA. This cellular organization supports complex processes and functions, contributing to the diverse forms of life that eukaryotes comprise, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists.

The other options do not accurately define eukaryotic cells. For instance, the idea that they lack organelles is incorrect, as eukaryotic cells are known for having membrane-bound organelles (like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus) that perform specialized functions. The notion of a simple structure is more applicable to prokaryotes, which generally have a simpler organizational structure than eukaryotic cells, that are typically larger and more complex. Lastly, the claim that eukaryotic cells are only found in bacteria is misleading since bacteria are classified as prokaryotes, which do not fit under the e