What is the plant cell equivalent of gap junctions?

In plant cells, plasmodesmata serve as the equivalent of gap junctions found in animal cells. Plasmodesmata are specialized channels that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells, allowing for the direct exchange of substances such as ions, small molecules, and various metabolites. This intercellular connectivity is crucial for coordination and communication between cells, particularly in tissues that require high levels of metabolic cooperation.

Unlike the other options, which represent different types of cell junctions with distinct functions—desmosomes providing mechanical support by anchoring adjacent cells together, and tight junctions creating seals that prevent leakage between cells—plasmodesmata are unique to plant cells and facilitate intercellular transport. This enables the sharing of resources and signals essential for growth and development in plants.